Framework
The USV operator competency framework.
In the absence of a dedicated STCW standard to date, this framework sets out the skills and conversion pathways for uncrewed surface vessel operator roles.
This framework defines the skills, qualification levels and training bridges for USV operator roles. It builds on existing STCW maritime certificates as a foundation, adding the skills specific to operating uncrewed vessels.
The five skill areas
Remote piloting / remote operation
Command of remote control interfaces, latency management, and manual takeover procedures.
Onboard systems maintenance
Diagnosis and intervention on propulsion, power and onboard communication systems.
Sensor fusion / navigation
Interpreting radar, sonar, AIS and camera data for navigation and collision avoidance.
Operational cybersecurity
Understanding risk vectors on command links and connected onboard systems.
Mission management / fleet supervision
Mission planning, multi-vessel coordination, and management of priorities and incidents.
The four qualification levels
Level 1 — Awareness
General knowledge of USV systems, applicable navigation rules and operational safety principles.
Level 2 — Qualified operator
Able to run a remote piloting or supervision mission under supervision, with command of emergency procedures.
Level 3 — Autonomous operator
Fully independent mission command, multi-vessel management, and decision-making in degraded conditions.
Level 4 — Fleet supervisor
Supervising several operators and vessels simultaneously, coordinating missions and managing operational priorities.